Modeling and Harmonic Balance Analysis of Superconducting Parametric Amplifiers for Qubit Readout: A Tutorial

Modeling and Harmonic Balance Analysis of Superconducting Parametric Amplifiers for Qubit Readout: A Tutorial

Abstract

This article develops the harmonic balance analysis approach to model (Josephson junction) (JJ) and superconducting nonlinear asymmetric inductive element (SNAIL) traveling wave parametric amplifiers (TWPAs). The article demonstrates that equation-based modeling is sufficient to understand the nonlinear physics of these amplifiers. Two different kinds of TWPAs (three-wave mixing and four-wave mixing) to read qubits for quantum computing are simulated with a combination of S-parameter and harmonic balance analyses. The essential design considerations are explored to prove the effectiveness and completeness of the harmonic balance analysis approach.

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10707058