DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2023.3297364   IEEEXplore: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10209363

Superconducting array of 4500 series-connected RF Josephson junctions (JJ) embedded in a coplanar waveguide transmission line

1005 MHz

The JJ quantum-based nonlinearity produces highly stable waveforms. A delta-sigma (∆–∑) algorithm generates a pulse sequence to produce a 101-tone waveform. A different ∆–∑ algorithm generates a 10 MHz QPSK waveform.

RF Josephson arbitrary waveform synthesizer (RF-JAWS) with applications for quantum-based reference sources for power and cross-frequency phase calibration and reference -modulated signal sources for calibrating transmission links.

±0.005 dB amplitude stability, ±0.05 dB detrended phase stability. For the 101-tone waveform: 40 MHz instantaneous bandwidth around 1005 MHz, -53 dBm flat power distribution, Schroeder phase distribution For the 10 MHz QPSK waveform on a 1005 MHz carrier: -48 dB mean error vector magnitude (EVM).